‘War or Anarchy’: Warnings Grow as Next Phase of Gaza Truce Remains Elusive
As of December 7, 2025, the fragile ceasefire between Israel and Hamas faces significant challenges, with the next phase of the truce yet to be implemented. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced that Israel and Hamas are expected to soon enter the second phase of the ceasefire, contingent on the return of the last hostage’s remains by Hamas. This phase includes disarming Hamas, demilitarizing Gaza, deploying an international force, and forming a temporary Palestinian government under U.S. supervision. Netanyahu emphasized the difficulty of the next phase and the necessity to eventually deradicalize Gaza.
Critical Stage in Negotiations
Qatari Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman al-Thani stated that negotiations to solidify the U.S.-backed truce in Gaza are at a “critical” stage. He emphasized that the current pause in hostilities since October 10 cannot yet be considered a full ceasefire, as Israeli forces remain in Gaza, and stability and free movement have not been restored. Despite a reduction in fighting, violence continues, with seven Palestinians reported killed on Saturday.
International Involvement and Challenges
Netanyahu announced plans to discuss the second phase of the U.S.-led plan to end the Gaza conflict with President Donald Trump later this month. While progress is reportedly close, unresolved issues remain, notably whether a multinational security force will be deployed in Gaza during the transition. Under the proposed plan, Israel would pull back as a transitional authority is established, Hamas is disarmed, and reconstruction efforts begin. Some aspects of the plan have stalled, and no firm timeline has been established.
Humanitarian Concerns and Border Reopening
The Rafah border crossing, Gaza’s main portal to the outside world, is set to reopen in the coming days, according to an Israeli announcement. This move will allow thousands of Palestinians, many in urgent need of medical care, to exit the war-torn enclave and enter Egypt. The reopening will be coordinated with Egypt and supervised by the EU, following a framework similar to that used during a January 2025 ceasefire.
As the situation remains precarious, international leaders continue to urge both parties to adhere to the ceasefire agreements and work towards a lasting peace to prevent further escalation and humanitarian suffering.
